Lactuca sativa garden lettuce is a popular salad herb. We have examined the constituents of latex from lactuca sativa lettuce cv. Here we present a reference assembly for the species and family. Apr 12, 2017 lettuce lactuca sativa is a major crop and a member of the large, highly successful compositae family of flowering plants. Leaves of the species contain vitamins a, b9, c, and k and can be eaten as a salad. The major components were shown to be novel 15oxalyl and 8sulfate conjugates of the guaianolide sesquiterpene lactones, lactucin, deoxylactucin, and lactucopicrin. It also exhibited significant analgesic and antiinflammatory activities.
It forms within the genus lactuca a somewhat isolated genetic compatibility group with three wild species that also have nine pairs of chromosomes, l. The objective of phase 1 was to determine the influence of. Red leaf lettuce is a sweet and very delicately textured and flavored lettuce. They are annuals, biennials, perennials, or shrubs. A taxonomic species within the family asteraceae garden lettuce. The genus includes at least 50 species, distributed worldwide, but mainly in temperate eurasia. It will also soon be available as part of the phytozome genome collection. Development of haploid embryos and plants of lactuca sativa. Frontiers inflorescence development and the role of lsft. Lactuca species are diverse and take a wide variety of forms. This cylindricallyhearted lettuce known to the romans as cappadocian lettuce is now called roman lettuce or more commonly, romaine.
Encapsulated bioactive agents applied to the lactuca sativa l. Xxvii international horticultural congress ihc2006. Evaluation of biological response of lettuce lactuca. Haploidisation is a biotechnological method used to obtain plants with improved traits that are of use to humans. Antioxidant properties of selected varieties of lettuce. It is among the hundreds of varieties of lettuce that are grown all over the world and has mild watery flavor and soft buttery leaves tinged with red. Potentiating effects of lactuca sativa on pentobarbital. Lettuce types include romaine, butter head, iceberg, and loose leaf. The genome assembly described in this paper is available for download and blast on coge, organism id36218, lactuca sativa lettuce and from ncbi under bioproject prjna173551 as soon as it is approved. Lactuca, commonly known as lettuce, is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, asteraceae. Red leaf lettuce, health benefits and nutritional value. Few salad vegetables exceed lettuce in popularity, and you should have little difficulty in growing it. Metabolite profiling of sesquiterpene lactones from. Genus name comes from the latin word lac meaning milk in obvious reference to the milky plant sap.
Pilot study of the efficacy and safety of lettuce seed oil in. It has been in use in folk medicine since ancient times as both an appetite stimulant and as an aid to sleep. However, the progression of floral transition and the molecular regulation of bolting are largely unknown. Jun 10, 2011 lactuca sativa garden lettuce is a popular salad herb. The enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in. Fresh leaves are an excellent source of several vitamin a and beta carotenes as well as a rich source of vitamin k, vitamin c, and folates, while also containing lots of minerals like iron, calcium, magnesium, and potassium, which are very essential for body metabolism. Its haploid form would provide a good basis for producing a pure line of plants doubled haploids allowing new varieties to be regenerated. The genome size has been estimated by flow cytometry to be 2. Sep 15, 2008 the genus lactuca consists of about 100 species, 3 of whichlactuca serriola l. Germination and vigour mean germination time, root length, seedling dry weight were determined after storage for 0, 8. Different challenges are present in either environment. Lactuca sativa has many cultivars, which are usually treated as varieties. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams.
Hundreds of years of cultivation and artificial selection eliminated spines from the leaves, reduced the latex content and bitter flavor, shortened stem internodes for a more compact, leafy plant, and increased seed size, among several other things. Most lettuce varieties are eaten fresh and are commonly served as the base of green salads. The hydroalcoholic extract hae of lettuce and its water fraction wf, ethyl acetate fraction eaf, and n butanol fraction nbf were administrated ip to mice 30 min. Lettuce cultivars are classified into horticultural types based on head and leaf shape. Apr 16, 2020 lettuce, lactuca sativa, annual leaf vegetable of the aster family asteraceae. Lactuca virosa is a plant in the lactuca lettuce genus, often ingested for its mild analgesic and sedative effects.
Success in producing a steady supply of fresh, crisp leaves, rich in vitamin a, depends to a great extent upon an understanding of the habits of this plant. Safranal, the main volatile chemical of saffron crocus sativus was studied to estimate its allelopathic effects on the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll, leaf electrolyte leakage, fresh weight, catalase cat, and peroxidase pox activity of the test plant lettuce lactuca sativa. Lettuce lactuca sativa l overview lettuce lactuca sativa l. Lactuca sativa in the germplasm resources information network grin, u.
A set of 61 simple sequence repeat ssr markers was developed from the 19 523 lactuca sativa and lactuca serriola unigenes. The resulting plant even has a different name, lactuca sativa in latin, sativa means cultivated. Provided by ars systematic botany and mycology laboratory. English common name lettuce asian common names china. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Lettuce is an economically important crop that can be grown either in the field or greenhouse. Metabolite profiling of sesquiterpene lactones from lactuca. Selenium distribution and nitrate metabolism in hydroponic. Lactuca sativa was first known in cultivation in ancient egypt. The name lactuca sativa is derived from the lactis, meaning milk.
One of the exciting things about growing your own lettuce is that you can go out and pick as much as you want, when you want. Pdf chemical constituents from seeds of lactuca sativa. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. The hydroalcoholic extract hae of lettuce and its water fraction wf, ethyl acetate fraction eaf, and nbutanol fraction nbf were administrated ip to mice 30 min before the pentobarbital injection. Their flower heads have yellow, blue, or white ray florets. Traditionally, lactuca sativa lettuce has been recommended for its hypnotic property. Each species has its importance in agriculture and the commercial field. Chemical constituents from seeds of lactuca sativa article pdf available in chemistry of natural compounds 484. The transition from vegetative to reproductive growth is induced by high temperature, which has significant economic effect on lettuce production. Wild lettuce commonly refers to the wildgrowing relatives of common garden lettuce. Lettuce lactuca sativa is a valuable crop in the united states and worldwide. In this study, the effective concentration ec50 of safranal on cat was estimated to be 6. Data source and references for lactuca sativa garden lettuce.
This page was last edited on 23 september 2019, at 21. Lettuce lactuca sativa is a major crop and a member of the large, highly successful compositae family of flowering plants. Lettuce is a globally important leafy vegetable with the united states being the largest world producers. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Lettuce lactuca sativa is a member of the asteraceae family and is one of the most important salad crops leafy vegetable. Data source and references for lactuca sativa garden. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds. Oct 17, 2015 haploidisation is a biotechnological method used to obtain plants with improved traits that are of use to humans. Most lettuces, even the heading ones, tolerate well the cutandcomeagain approach if you harvest the outer leaves.
Its bestknown representative is the garden lettuce lactuca sativa, with its many varieties. Red leaf lettuce is a member of the genus lactuca of the family asteraceae. Lettuce, lactuca sativa, annual leaf vegetable of the aster family. Romaine is the most upright growing of the four major types of lettuce. Lettuce generally remains pestfree, although snails and slugs hide under the cover of darkness and chew leaves, weakening the plant. This plant also has excellent medicinal properties. The institute of food and agricultural sciences ifas is an equal opportunity institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with nondiscrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. The present study was planned to investigate sleepprolonging effect of this plant.
Lettuce lactuca sativa is an annual plant of the daisy family, asteraceae. Keep leaves dry in order to prevent powdery mildew and fungal infections 4. Lettuce grows readily because all cultivated strains were obtained originally from the prickly lettuce l. It also serves as an important reference species for research on the compositae, one of the most diverse and successful families of angiosperm plants.
Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Data source and references for lactuca sativa garden lettuce from the usda plants database. Development of estssr markers for the study of population. Frontiers inflorescence development and the role of lsft in. For hydroponic greenhouse lettuce there is relatively little published information on cultivar selection under different lighting sources. Development of haploid embryos and plants of lactuca. Wounding leaves or stems of lactucaspecies releases a milky latex onto the plant surface. May 30, 2014 starr1503260889lactuca sativaseveral varieties in hydroponics greenhouse with kimtown sand islandmidway atoll 24640303483. Lettuce is generally a rich source of vitamins k and a, though the nutritional quality varies, depending on the variety. Pilot study of the efficacy and safety of lettuce seed oil. Reproduced from the series plant resources of southeast asia, by kind permission of the prosea foundation, bogor, indonesia. Five varieties iceberg, butterhead, romaine, green coral and. Lettuce is most often used for salads, although it is also seen in other kinds of food, such as soups, sandwiches and wraps.
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